Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, VOLUME 118 | 2023
Perspective
Lipid droplets in Zika neuroinfection: Potential targets for intervention?
1Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
2Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Centro de Pesquisa, Inovação e Vigilância em COVID-19 e Emergências Sanitárias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
3Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Imunologia e Inflamação, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760230044
ABSTRACT
Lipid droplets (LD) are evolutionarily conserved lipid-enriched organelles with a diverse array of cell- and stimulus-regulated proteins. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that intracellular pathogens exploit LD as energy sources, replication sites, and part of the mechanisms of immune evasion. Nevertheless, LD can also favor the host as part of the immune and inflammatory response to pathogens. The functions of LD in the central nervous system have gained great interest due to their presence in various cell types in the brain and for their suggested involvement in neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases. Only recently have the roles of LD in neuroinfections begun to be explored. Recent findings reveal that lipid remodelling and increased LD biogenesis play important roles for Zika virus (ZIKV) replication and pathogenesis in neural cells. Moreover, blocking LD formation by targeting DGAT-1 in vivo inhibited virus replication and inflammation in the brain. Therefore, targeting lipid metabolism and LD biogenesis may represent potential strategies for anti-ZIKV treatment development. Here, we review the progress in understanding LD functions in the central nervous system in the context of the host response to Zika infection.
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Financial support: FAPERJ, CNPq, CAPES.
SSGD and TC-F contributed equally to this work.
+ Corresponding author: pbozza@ioc.fiocruz.br / pbozza@gmail.com 
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8349-9529
Received 28 February 2023
Accepted 18 August 2023
HOW TO CITE
Dias SSG, Cunha-Fernandes T, Soares VC, de Almeida CJG, Bozza PT. Lipid droplets in Zika neuroinfection: Potential targets for intervention? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2023; 118: e230044.
