Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, VOLUME 118 | 2023
Research Articles

Zoonotic Giardia duodenalis assemblage A in northern sloth from Brazilian Amazon

Lisiane Lappe dos Reis1,2,+, Lirna Salvioni Silva de Souza1, Francisco Carlos de Oliveira Braga1, Dayane Costa de Souza Lima1, Natália Aparecida de Souza Lima3, Jessica da Silva Padinha1, Alessandra Ferreira Dales Nava4, Ana Carolina Paulo Vicente5

1Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane, Laboratório de Diversidade Microbiana da Amazônia de Importância para a Saúde, Manaus, AM, Brasil
2Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
3Superintendência do Ibama no Amazonas, Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres, Manaus, AM, Brasil
4Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane, Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brasil
5Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microrganismos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760230088
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ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND The parasite Giardia duodenalis infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including domestic and wild animals as well as humans. Giardia is genotyped into eight assemblages (A-H). Zoonotic assemblages A and B have already been identified in humans and wild and domestic animals (non-human primates and cats) from Brazilian Amazon and in the world. Due to its zoonotic/zooanthroponotic nature, surveillance initiatives and the definition of Giardia assemblages are important in order to characterise the epidemiological scenario and to implement further control measures.
OBJECTIVES Determine assemblages of G. duodenalis in sloths from the Brazilian Amazon Region.
METHODS Faecal parasitological examination of sloths from Amazonas State. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the beta giardin (BG), and genes from multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme, amplicon sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
FINDINGS Here, we identified, by microscopy, Giardia in two northern sloths (Bradypus tridactylus). These two samples were submitted to molecular assays and it was revealed that both were infected by G. duodenalis assemblage A. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they belong to assemblage A within sequences from humans and wild and domestic animals.
CONCLUSION Therefore, besides showing, by the first time, the current presence of this parasite in sloths, our findings reveals that this wild animal species would be part of the zoonotic/zooanthroponotic scenario of this parasite in the Brazilian Amazon.

key words: Giardia duodenalis assemblage genotyping sloth Amazon Bradypus tridactylus
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Financial support: FAPEAM (Decisão nº 364/2021), PROEP-LABS/ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia (Edital nº 001/2020).
+ Corresponding author: lisiane.reis@fiocruz.br
ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7968-3718
Received 18 May 2023
Accepted 20 October 2023

HOW TO CITE
dos Reis LL, de Souza LSS, Braga FCO, Lima DCS, Lima NAS, Padinha JS, et al. Zoonotic Giardia duodenalis assemblage A in northern sloth from Brazilian Amazon. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2023; 118: e230088.

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