Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 112(10) October 2017
Short communication
Emergence of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans (Apiotrichum mycotoxinivorans) invasive infections in Latin America
1Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Divisão de Laboratório Central (LIM03) e Laboratório de Micologia Médica (LIM53), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
2Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Laboratório Especial de Micologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
3Universidade Federal da Bahia, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgar Santos, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
4Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
5Universidade Federal da Bahia, Departamento de Medicina, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgar Santos, Salvador, BA, Brasil
6Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Alfenas, MG, Brasil
We report the first two cases of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans infections in Latin America. We also conducted a literature review and a microbiological investigation, including that of clinical and environmental isolates. A 30-year-old man with chronic renal failure had disseminated infection after dialysis and a 15-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis (CF) had pulmonary exacerbations with positive respiratory samples. A review of the relevant literature revealed that deep-seated infections were related to immunosuppression or invasive devices, while most of the CF patients showed a decline in lung function after positive cultures. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three distinct circulating genotypes. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis showed similar spectral profiles and correctly identified all strains/isolates. Biofilm production was documented in a bloodstream isolate and biofilm-producing cells showed high minimum inhibitory concentrations against antifungals.
